TUGAS PENGANTAR TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI MAKALAH HARDWARE ( PERANGKAT KERAS )
KELOMPOK : 4
1. RIVALDI ( G 201 11 044 )
2. AWAL SEPTIAWAN ( G 201 11 056 )
JURUSAN MATEMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO
AUTHORTABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION ................................................ ................................................ iiLIST iiiCHAPTER I AA. BACKGROUND ................................................ .............................. AB. ACHAPTER II 2CHAPTER III 18A. CONCLUSION ................................................. ...................................... 18B. 18LIST 19CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONA. BACKGROUND
Hardware or hardware is one of the important components of a computer. The computer consists of three sets of compilers which are closely interrelated and mutually supporting each other. device - the device compilers of computer is:Ø Hardware (Hardware)Ø Software (software)Ø The brain (brainware)If one computer on a device does not exist then the computer will not be able to operate as it should.Hardware (hardware) computer is all part of the physical computer, distinguished by the data therein or operate therein. Software (software) provides instructions for the hardware to operate and complete the job. While brainware or user is the brains of all the processes that occur.B. THEOLOGICAL PROBLEMØ Studying the function - the function of hardware components.Ø Learn the parts - the hardwareC. PURPOSEØ As a condition of entry introduction to the practice of information technology.Ø To support the value and completeness of the task.Ø To know the components - hardware components and understand their function.
CHAPTER IIDISCUSSIONHardware or in Indonesian is also called the name of the hardware "is one component of a computer that can physically touched, seen and removed.Based on the hardware function is divided into several components, namely:A. Input device (input units)Input device which serves as a media liaison from the outside to enter data into a memory and a processor for processing the information necessary to menghaslkan. This unit serves as a medium for loading data from the outside in a memory and processor to be processed to produce the required information. Input devices or input unit is commonly used personal computer (PC) is a keyboard and mouse, keyboard and mouse is the unit that links the user (users) with the computer. In addition there is a joystick, which is used for playing games or games with a computer. Then the scanner to take pictures as digital images that can later be manipulated. Touch panel, using the touch of a finger users can perform a file access process. Microphone, to record the sound into the computer.Data entered into the computer system can be shaped input signal input and maintenance. Shaped input signal data entered into the computer system, while maintenance-shaped input program used to process the data entered. So in addition to input devices used to input data can also be used to enter the program. By its nature, the input devices can be classified into two namely:Ø peratalan direct input, the input is entered directly processed by the processing tool. For example: keyboard, mouse, touch screen, light pen, graphics digitizer tablet, a scanner.Ø Equipment indirect input, input via a particular medium before an input is processed by the processing tool. For example: the punched card, floppy disk, hard disk.Units input or input device consists of several kinds of devices are:a) Keyboard
Examples of the Qwerty keyboardKeyboard input is the most important units in a data processing with computers. The keyboard works include letters, numbers, special characters as well as a medium for the user (users) to perform other commands are required, such as saving files and opening files. The creation of a computer keyboard comes from the typewriter models which are created and patented by Christopher Latham in 1868, and in 1887 produced and marketed by the Remington company. The keyboard is digunakanan now this is kind of QWERTY, in 1973, the keyboard was unveiled as a keyboard standard ISO (International Standards Organization). Number of keys on the keyboard consists of 104 keys. The keyboard now that we know has some kind of port, namely port serial, ps2, usb and wireless.Type of Keyboard:1.) QWERTY2.) Dvorak3.) KLOCKENBERGThe keyboard is usually used is the type QWERTY keyboard, which is shaped like keys on a typewriter. The QWERTY keyboard has four parts:1) typewriter key2) numeric keys3) function key4) special function key.b) MouseUSB MouseMouse is one input unit (input device). The function of this tool is to move a pointer or cursor quickly. In addition, orders can be as practical and faster than with a keyboard. Mouse began to be used optimally since the operating system has been based GUI (Graphical User Interface). electrical signals as a mouse input device is generated by a small ball inside the mouse, according to the shifting or movement. Most of the mouse consists of three buttons, two buttons are generally only used the left button and right button. Currently the mouse is also equipped with rollers button (scroll), where the location of this button is located in the middle. The term suppression is called by clicking the left button (Click) where the emphasis is going to function when the mouse is on a designated object, but if not at a designated object of this emphasis will be ignored. In addition there are other terms that are called by dragging (drag) is pressing the left mouse button without releasing it with while being moved. This drag will cause the object to be moved or copied to other objects and other possibilities. The emphasis of the left mouse button twice quickly and regularly referred to as double-click (double click) while pressing the right mouse button once called by right-clicking (right click) Mouse port is composed of several serial mouse, mouse ps / 2, usb and wireless .c) TouchpadEnter this unit can usually be found on laptops and notebooks, by using your fingertips. Usually this unit can be used instead of a mouse. In addition to the touchpad is a model similar units enter the pointing stick and trackball.d) Light PenLight Pen deviceLight pen is an electronic pointer is used to modify and download the design drawings to the screen (monitor). Light pen has a sensor that can transmit light signals to a computer which is then recorded, where the monitor works by recording the electronic signal every six lines per second.e) Joy Stick and Games PaddleJoy Stick Figure Games and PaddleThese devices are commonly used in games (games) computer. Joy Stick is usually shaped rod, while the games are usually paddle-shaped or square box made of plastic comes with buttons that will govern the motion of an object in a computer.f) BarcodeBarcode ReaderBarcode included in the input unit (input device). The function of this tool is to read a code that shaped boxes or bold vertical lines are then translated in the form of numbers. These codes are usually attached to food products, beverages, electronic equipment and books. Today, every cashier in a supermarket or supermarkets in Indonesia to identify the products it sells with a barcode.g) ScannerScanner is a tool that can serve to to copy or copy images or text which is then stored in computer memory. From next computer memory, stored in a hard disk or floppy disk. This scanner functions like copy machines, photocopiers difference was the result can be seen on the paper while the scanner results can be displayed via the monitor in advance so we can make improvements or modifications and can then be stored back in the form of text files or image files. In addition there is also an image scanner to scan commonly used to detect the computer answer sheet. Scanners used to scan the computer answer sheet is commonly used IR SCAN to LJK (Computer Answer Sheet) on the general tests and the National Examination. Scan type consists of light sensors called Optics, which can recognize the type 2B pencil. Scanners on the market is a scanner to copy an image or photo and usually also equipped with OCR (Optical Character Recognition) to copy or copy an object in text form.When the scanner has been developed with the technology DMR (Digital Mark Reader), with a working system much like the scanner to the computer answer sheet correction, biodata and forms such as forms for school choice. With the DMR does not answer sheets must be answered uses pencils 2 B, but can use other stationery such as pens and markers and can use plain paper.h) Digital CameraTechnological developments have been so sophisticated that computers capable of receiving input from the camera. The camera is called the Digital Cameras with better image quality and better than how to copy images using a scanner. Sharpness of images from digital cameras is determined by its pixels. The ease and practicality of this tool is very helpful many activities and jobs. Digital cameras require no film camera as usual. Pictures taken with a digital camera are stored into the memory of the camera is in the form of files, and can be moved or transferred to a computer. Digital cameras on the market today there are various types, ranging from the type of camera to take pictures until the camera is static that can be recording live or moving images such as video.i) Microphone and HeadphoneInput units serves to record or enter a voice that will be stored in computer memory or to listen to the voice. With a microphone, you can record sound or can speak to people we want at the time of chat. Use of this microphone would require other hardware that serves to receive the voice input sound card and speakers to listen to the voice.j) Graphics PadsTechnology Computer Aided Design (CAD) can make the design of buildings, homes, car engines, and aircraft by using the Graphics Pads. Graphics is an input input pads for drawing objects on the monitor. Graphics pads used to have two types. First, using a needle (stylus) which is connected to the pad or pads using low voltages, which are included on the bearing surface of the touch-sensitive membrane (touch sensitive membrane surface). Low voltage that is sent is then translated into the coordinates of X - Y. Second, using a touch sensitive pad (touch sensitive pad) without using needles. The way it works is to put on a pad of drawing paper, and inscribed in pencil.B. PROCESS DEVICE (PROCESSING UNIT)Process equipment tool is intended to give orders or instructions on a computer to perform data operations, arithmetic and logic operations are performed on the data, this tool is the CPU (Central Processing Unit).Processing unit or equipment of this device consists of several kinds of devices are:a. Power SupplayLower supplay providing electric current to various devices CPU power supplay converting electricity and provide power to use the computer fixed. Supplay determine the quality of power quality performance of the computer. Resources for 300-400 wat supplay power supplied is usually enough for the computer used to typing or graphic. Meanwhile, power 400-500 watts is required if the computer works to use a lot of use peripherals (additional units).b. RAM (Random Access Memory) - MemoryRandom access memoryRAM stands for Random Access Memory is usually referred to as the short-term memory. Memory or RAM is a computer hardware device that serves as a temporary data storage area. Memory works by storing and supplying the necessary data required by the fast processor to be processed into information.c. Graphics card (unit output)Graphics cardGraphics card, or video card is an expansion card that serves to create and display on-screen displays. This graphics card consists of a series of electronic components. Usually embedded in the CPU slot on the main board on the computer. Some graphics cards offer other functions, such as video capture, and an adapter for a TV tuner, describes MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, FireWire, and connect to multiple screens. Some companies that make graphics cards are well known among other ATI, Matrox, and NVIDIA.d. Processor (processing unit)Understanding Processor, or commonly referred to as the CPU, is the brain of the computer. The processor is the component that executes complex calculations that allow computers to be used to surf, play a song in iTunes, and run your operating system,e. Motherboard (processing unit)Motherboard or main board is the circuit board where a variety of electronic components are connected, the motherboard are usually abbreviated with the mobo. On this motherboard hardware such as hard drive, ram, processor, graphics card, and other hardware devices are connected. motherboards are mostly found in the market today is the motherboard's pc which was first made with the base in order to correspond to specific IBM PC.C. Output device (unit output)Output device is a device used untukkeluaran or outcome of the process data. Which includes output devices are monitors, printers, speakers.Processing unit or equipment of this device consists of several kinds of devices are:a. MonitorLCD Monitorcomputer monitor is one type of soft-copy devices, because the output is in the form of an electronic signal, in this case is an image that appears on the screen. Images that appear are the result of processing the input data or information. The monitor has a variety of screen sizes like a television. Each brand and size of the monitors have different resolution levels. This resolution was the one who will determine the sharpness of the image can be displayed on the monitor screen. The types of monitor is now very diverse, ranging from large shapes with convex screens, up to a thin shape with a flat screen (flat).b. PrinterHp PrinterThe printer is a hardware device that is connected to the computer that serves to mold menghasilan either writing or pictures from your computer on paper or similar media. Types of printers are of three types, namely type metrix Dot Printer, Ink jet printers and laser jet printers.c. SpeakerSepaker here meaning the same as the speakers in general, speakers are transducers that convert electrical signals into audio frequency (noise) by means of the components that form the membrane vibrates.D. Backing Storage (storage unit)a. Harddrive (HDD)Hard Drive HD DHard drive can also be called the Hard drive (HDD) or hard drive (HD), Hard Drive is a one of the computer hardware that serves as a secondary data storage, in the hard disk containing the magnetic disc. Hard drive was first invented by one of the engineers of IBM, he was Reynold Johnson in 1956. Hard drive is also known by the name of the hard disk was first consisted of 50 discs measuring 2 feet or 0.6 meters, with a rotation speed reaches 1200 rpm (rotation per minute) with a storage capacity of 4.4 MB.The data stored in the hard disk will not be lost when not given an electric current. in a hard drive there is more than one dish to increase the capacity of data that can be accommodated ..E. Peripherals (additional units)Examples of computer hardware that is included in additional units or peripherals among othersa. Modem
understanding modulator is a circuit that serves the process of modulation, namely the process of "laying" the data on the frequency of the carrier wave (carrier signal) to signal the information / message to be sent to the receiver via a particular medium (such as media cable or air), usually a sine wave . In this case the message signal is also called the modulating signal. The data from the computer in the form of a digital signal converted to analog signals.b. sound card
The sound card (Sound Card) is a computer hardware used to make a sound and record sound. At first, sound card is only as a complement of computers. But now, the sound card is a device mandatory on every computer. Judging from the way of installation, sound card is divided into 3:a) Sound Card Onboard, the sound card that attaches directly to the computer motherboard.b) Sound Card Offboard, ie sound card assembly in slot ISA / PCI on the motherboard. On average, now it uses the PCI.c) External soundcard, sound card user is connected to the computer via an external port, such as USB or FireWire.CHAPTER IIICLOSINGA. conclusionComputers play an important role in human life, the computer consists of three important devices, one of which is hardware. Hardware or in Indonesian is also called the name of the hardware "is one component of a computer that can physically touched, seen and removed. Computer hardware is a system consisting of components - components that are mutually supporting each other. If one component can not function properly then the computer can not we use it optimally.B. suggestionMany computer users who know how to use computers, but do not understand about the components - the basic components of a computer. Which is a very important basic education. For that we need the recognition - recognition of the fundamental components - components of a computer, which daalm this is the hardware (hardware). For us to understand the functions, benefits and problems on a computer.REFERENCEShttp://www.google.com/search/hardwarehttp://sayaanakposo.comhttp://rudihd.wordpress.comhttp:// wikipedia.org
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